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Four Mothers (movement)
Four Mothers ((ヘブライ語:ארבע אמהות) ''arba imahot''; the name is in reference to the Biblical matriarchs Sarah, Rebecca, Leah, and Rachel ()) was an Israeli protest movement which was founded in 1997 following the 1997 Israeli helicopter disaster, by four women residents of northern Israel and mothers of soldiers serving in Lebanon, with the goal of bringing about an Israeli withdrawal from the IDF's security zone in Southern Lebanon. The ''Four Mothers'' movement was able to influence Israeli public opinion, and ultimately the IDF withdrew from Southern Lebanon unilaterally.
==Background==
In 1982 the Lebanon War broke out (what was then called by the Israelis Operation Peace for Galilee and later First Lebanon War), during which the IDF invaded Lebanon and was deployed in the area of southern Lebanon which was declared by the Israelis as a security zone. This deployment had claimed many casualties from the IDF over the years, with the peak being the helicopter disaster that had occurred on February 4, 1997 killing 73 soldiers from the Nahal Brigade, armored and Engineering fighters (188 Brigade and Battalion 601) and the helicopter crew. Following the disaster, four women from Northern Israel, whom were mothers of soldiers who served in Lebanon, Rachel Ben Dor, Miri Sela, Ronit Nahmias and Zahara Antebi, decided to organize protest activities which will call for the unilateral and immediate withdrawal of Israeli forces from Lebanon. The purpose of the movement was to put public pressure on the Israeli government to withdraw from Lebanon, with or without a peace agreement, and thus to implement the United Nations Security Council Resolution 425, calling for the recognition of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Lebanon, for the IDF to leave the area and the deployment of an international force in the region.
Later, Ben-Dor became chairman of the movement and was joined by Orna Shimoni and others. Although called ''Four Mothers'' movement and was of a feminist base it was able to recruit men, including former soldiers who served in Lebanon. During its period of activities, when it was in the center of public discourse the movement numbered around five hundred members.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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